Gone are the days when women were embarrassed to admit their discomfort during sex. Many now openly tell their partner that they are hurt or unpleasant. But there are times when uncomfortable feelings during intimacy become the norm. Often they are the first signals of a serious violation of women's health. The editorial staff of WMJ.ru talked with a gynecologist and drew up an action plan in case of an unforeseen situation.
Irina Luzina, gynecologist of the clinic of aesthetic medicine "Premium Aesthetics"
Dry and itchy vagina
Agree, when "there" the Sahara Desert is clearly not up to sex And there may be several reasons in this case. The first two belong to the "light" category. Decreased production of natural lubrication can be caused by stress or inadequate oral contraceptives. What to do with this, in principle, is clear. However, often in women 40+, vaginal dryness is associated with an age-related decrease in the synthesis of hyaluronic acid in the body and hormonal imbalance, or rather, with a decrease in the production of estrogen. In fact, this is one of the first signs of an approaching menopause.
On the one hand, this is just a symptom. And, it would seem, why solve it with a doctor, because discomfort during sex can be leveled with a lubricant. But if this condition is started, there are risks to bring it to kraurosis of the vulva. This is a chronic progressive atrophic process of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva, which will require more serious treatment.
Diagnostics. External examination in a chair, hormone tests.
Treatment. In the arsenal of modern gynecologists there are many ways to correct pathological vaginal dryness. These include, in particular, injections of hyaluronic acid and PRP (blood plasma) into this area. And also an excellent result is given by laser technologies that rejuvenate the vaginal mucosa. If this dryness is a symptom of menopause, then hormone replacement therapy is prescribed.
Burning sensation in the genital area and on the eve of the vagina
This is how urogenital infections associated with a violation of the vaginal microflora most often manifest themselves. It is inhabited by representatives of conditionally pathogenic microflora - fungi of the genus Candida, bacteria: gardnerella, ureaplasma and mycoplasma. Normally, there are very few of them, so they do not represent any harm to your health. However, for a number of reasons, potentially dangerous roommates can begin to actively reproduce. One of them is the microflora and sperm of the partner, which can provoke vaginal dysbiosis. As a result, you may have an increased risk of developing candidiasis (thrush), bacterial vaginosis (with the main causative agent of gardnerella), or mycoplasma infection (mycoplasma and ureaplasma).
Candidiasis from this company is the most harmless. It has no significant effect on reproductive function. But other pathogens can cause pyo-inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. This is what many urogenital infections are dangerous for - their complications: inflammation of the appendages and uterus; adhesions in the small pelvis, leading to infertility, ectopic pregnancies.
Diagnostics. Examination of a smear of the vaginal mucosa under a microscope in the case of candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis, a blood test for PCR or culture - growing microbes on special media in the case of ureaplasma and mycoplasma.
Treatment. In the case of candidiasis, general and local antifungal drugs are prescribed. For the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and mycoplasma infection, local or general antibiotics are used, taking into account individual sensitivity to drugs. In some cases, the administration of immunostimulants is required.
To normalize the microflora of the vagina, it is important to follow a diet. Reduce the amount of fat and simple carbohydrates in the diet.
Acute pain in the lower abdomen
If you regularly begin to face severe abdominal pain during sex, then we can talk about very serious ailments. First of all, inflammatory diseases of endometritis, perimetritis, salpingo-oophoritis and others can manifest themselves in this way - they, as a rule, are of an infectious nature.
All of the above diseases can cause adhesions. In fact, this is the defense mechanism of our body. If inflammation occurs, the body responds instantly, building up a defense, fencing off the damaged area. This provokes the appearance of adhesions in the fallopian tubes and tissues surrounding the ovary. In the first case, the result of the adhesion process can be infertility or ectopic pregnancy, because if the tube is "clogged", the fertilized egg cannot penetrate from the ovary into the uterus and dies or attaches in the "wrong" place - to the wall of the fallopian tube or peritoneal tissues. This condition is very dangerous. If the operation to remove the damaged tube is not performed in time, an ectopic pregnancy is life threatening.
Diagnostics. In addition to standard laboratory tests, an ultrasound scan is performed in this case. Colposcopy is sometimes indicated.
Treatment. It can be both conservative, with the use of drugs and physiotherapy, and operational. If we are talking about a running adhesive process, then one cannot do without the intervention of a surgeon … In this case, laparoscopic technologies are used that allow a woman to quickly recover.
