There are many disruptions in health that can lead to death. In the list of pathologies that can threaten sudden death even for young people, experts include central sleep apnea, rupture (stratification) of an aneurysm, separation of a blood clot, heart failure, sudden unexplained death syndrome. As for the arrest of breathing during sleep, apnea is of two types: obstructive (it is caused by a blockage of the upper airways), central sleep apnea (it is characterized by a decrease in the formation of an impulse in the central nervous system that stimulates the respiratory muscles). In some people, both types of respiratory arrest occur simultaneously outside. “The reason for this form of pathology is left ventricular heart failure. It occurs against the background of a violation of the flow of impulses from the central nervous system to the respiratory muscles. In general, apnea is closely associated with the cardiovascular system, with the respiratory system and with normal sleep, and therefore with the nervous system too, explained the therapist, cardiologist Tatyana Shalygina, talking with AiF. Usually such people do not fall asleep well, their sleep is interrupted, during the day they feel sleepy. Some patients with this pathology may wake up in the middle of the night because they are short of breath, or because of shortness of breath. In addition, central sleep apnea develops due to impaired cerebral circulation, renal failure, and high altitude. To determine the problem, it is recommended to undergo a polysomnography study, as a result of which the doctor prescribes therapy with sipap devices. Whether or not an aortic dissecting aneurysm is treated depends on in which section and at what level of the aorta the lesion occurred. This can be encountered by people who have problems such as atherosclerosis of the aorta, connective tissue diseases, congenital fibrilinopathies, familial syndrome of aneurysmal lesion of the thoracic region; congenital malformations (for example, aortic bicuspid valve and others), inflammatory diseases of the aortic wall, trauma (for example, after an accident), surgery on the heart and aorta, aortic catheterization. As Shalygina notes, acute dissection can appear in the back and lower back. Pathology can be accompanied by conditions such as heart failure, fainting, impaired cerebral circulation. To diagnose pathology, you need to make a cardiogram. In some cases, it is suggested to do an ultrasound of the heart. Thromboembolism (thrombus separation) is a complication of many diseases. There are risk factors that can lead to a similar problem: major surgical interventions, serious injury, long-term forced stay of a person in a motionless state, oncopathology, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as taking certain medications against their background. Such a pathology can threaten those who have previously encountered thromboembolism. In addition, in this matter, the age of a person plays a serious role. Pregnancy, we will take some contraceptives, some infectious pathologies can activate malfunctions of the blood coagulation system. To check the state of the circulatory system, it is worth taking a coagulogram. “If a patient has a sudden shortness of breath and a feeling of shortness of breath, you should see a doctor as soon as possible. Also, sometimes the doctor may be alerted to something on the cardiogram. This is an acute urgent situation requiring immediate intervention,”Tatiana Shalygina emphasized. There are special scales to determine the risk of sudden cardiac death. People with heart defects, with some types of arrhythmias, and with genetic diseases are at risk. The cardiologist calls medical examination one of the simplest and most effective methods of prevention. “Sudden cardiac death can occur, for example, at the peak of physical exertion. Men are a special risk group. Heredity also matters,”said the doctor. By the way, cardiologists recently warned about the risk of heart attack in pregnant women with COVID-19. Photo: Depositphotos
